ASTM A 53 imakwirira chitoliro chachitsulo chopanda msoko komanso chowotcherera chokhala ndi makulidwe a khoma.Chitoliro cha pamwamba nthawi zambiri chimakhala chakuda ndipo chitoliro cha ASTM A53 (chomwe chimatchedwanso ASME SA53 chitoliro) chimapangidwa kuti chizigwiritsidwa ntchito pamakina ndi kukakamiza komanso chovomerezeka kuti chigwiritsidwe ntchito wamba mumizere ya nthunzi, madzi, gasi ndi mpweya.Ndi oyenera kuwotcherera ndi kupanga maopareshoni okhudza coiling, kupinda, ndi flanging.A53 seamless zitsulo chubu ndi zinthu American muyezo zitsulo chitoliro.Njira yayikulu yopangira machubu achitsulo a A53 osasunthika amagawidwa kukhala zojambula zozizira komanso kugudubuza kotentha.Kusiyanitsa kwakukulu pakati pa awiriwa ndikuti kupanga mapaipi ozizira osasunthika opanda chitsulo nthawi zambiri kumakhala kovuta kwambiri kuposa kugudubuza kotentha, ndipo mawonekedwe a chitoliro chozizira chozizira ndi chachifupi kuposa chogudubuza chotentha.Mipope yachitsulo yopanda msoko, makulidwe a khoma la chitoliro chachitsulo chosasunthika chozizira chozizira nthawi zambiri chimakhala chocheperako kuposa mapaipi achitsulo osakanizika a carbon, koma pamwamba pake amawoneka owala.Pamwamba pa otentha adagulung'undisa mpweya zitsulo chubu ndi zaukali.Njira yayikulu yopangira chubu yopanda kanthu → kutentha → kuboola → mipukutu itatu yokhotakhota, kugudubuza kosalekeza kapena kutulutsa → kuchotsa chubu → kukula kwake (kapena kuchepetsa m'mimba mwake) → kuziziritsa→ kuwongola → kuyesa kwa hydraulic (kapena kuzindikira zolakwika) → chizindikiro→ laibulale yolowetsa.
| ASTM A53/ASME SA53 | Mtundu S | Mtundu E | Mtundu F | |||
| (zopanda msoko) | (zowotcherera kukana kwamagetsi) | (chitoliro chowotcherera ng'anjo) | ||||
| Gulu A | Gulu B | Gulu A | Gulu B | Gulu A | ||
| Mpweya wochuluka.% | 0.25 | 0.30* | 0.25 | 0.30* | 0.3 | |
| Manganese% | 0.95 | 1.2 | 0.95 | 1.2 | 1.2 | |
| Phosphorous, max.% | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | 0.05 | |
| Sulphur, max.% | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.045 | 0.045 | |
| Mkuwa, max.% | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | |
| Nickel, max.% | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | |
| Chromium, max.% | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | 0.4 | |
| Molybdenum, max.% | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | |
| Vanadium, max.% | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | 0.08 | ||
| *Pakuchepetsa kulikonse pansi pa 0.01% pansi pa mlingo wa carbon wotchulidwa, kuwonjezeka kwa 0.06% manganese pamwamba pa mlingo womwe watchulidwa kudzaloledwa kufika pa 1.65% (sizikugwira ntchito ku SA53). | ||||||
| Zofunikira za Tensile | Zosasunthika komanso Zosagwirizana ndi Magetsi | Mopitiriza-Welded | |
| Gulu A | Gulu B | ||
| Kulimbitsa Mphamvu, min., psi | 48,000 | 60,000 | 45,000 |
| Zokolola Mphamvu, min., psi | 30,000 | 35,000 | 25,000 |
1. Njira yayikulu yopangira chitoliro chachitsulo chosasunthika chotentha (choyendera chachikulu):
Kukonzekera ndi kuyang'anitsitsa chubu → kutenthetsa kulibe kanthu → kuboola → kugudubuza chubu → kutenthetsa zitsulo → kukhazikika (kuchepetsedwa) m'mimba mwake → chithandizo cha kutentha △ → kuwongola machubu omaliza → kutsiriza → kuyang'anira (zosawononga, thupi ndi mankhwala, kuyendera ku Taiwan) → malo osungira
2. Njira yayikulu yopanga mapaipi achitsulo oziziritsa (wokokedwa) opanda msoko:
Kukonzekera billet→kukometsera zotola→kugudubuza kozizira(kujambula)→mankhwala otentha→kuwongola→kumaliza→kuwunika
